The Comic Scenes in Doctor Faustus Essay Example For Students

The Comic Scenes in Doctor Faustus Essay Dr. Faustus, firmly a heartbreaking play, contains various comic scenes. It involves sheer guess whether Marlowe composed these scenes himself or permitted another person to keep in touch with them in regard to the common taste of the occasions, since, Marlowe in the Prologue to Tambularine had derisively disposed of horseplay or clownage as being wrong for the poise of terrible dramatization. The comic scenes of Dr. Faustus are huge in numerous regards. Presently we may have a concise assessment of the comic scenes. The principal comic scene (Act I, Scene II) happens between Wagner, the hireling of Dr. Faustus and between two researchers. Wagner here satires the medieval academic procedure of thinking received by researchers whose conversations he has regularly heard at his lords living arrangement. The researchers solicit him with respect to the whereabouts from Faustus. Wagner attempts first to baffle them by his answers. At that point he says, God in paradise knows where Faustus is. Absolutely this produces chuckling yet it likewise shows the degeneration of Faustus. Faustus, in the wake of going to sorcery, will surely deteriorate and just God knows where he will go. We will compose a custom article on The Comic Scenes in Doctor Faustus explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Wagner alludes to the feasting corridor as the spot of execution. It is likewise the spot of the ethical execution of Faustus. This scene additionally shows the abuse of information. Faustus in the past scene utilizes rationale to legitimize explanation behind going to magic while Wagner is utilizing rationale for no other reason than to confound the two researchers. The following comic scene happens in Act I, Scene IV. Wagner and the comedian are occupied with this scene. Wagner wishes to draw in the jokester as his worker, and alluding to the destitution of the comedian he says that the comedian is ravenous to the point that he would give his spirit to the fiend for a shoulder of sheep, however it were blood-crude. In any case, the comedian can't and he says the in the event that he should give his spirit for food, he will demand the sheep being very much simmered and being acceptable sauce. This scene no uncertainty produces chuckling, yet it is significant likewise to demonstrate the degeneration of Faustus. Faustus would offer his spirit to Mephistophilis for boundless force while the jokester would offer his spirit to the villain for good food. The two exchanges are absurd the first considerably more than the second on the grounds that the first is far less reasonable. The following comic scene is the location of seven lethal scenes in Act II, Scene II. The seven lethal scenes to be specific Pride, Covetousness, Lust, Envy, Gluttony, Anger and Sloth were significant in medieval and later Christian religious philosophy. They assumed a significant job in numerous works of medieval and Renaissance writing. The different sins do absolutely delight us by the way which they depict their individual attributes. Pride abhors to have any guardians; Covetousness might want the house and all the individuals in it to be transformed into gold; Wrath wounds himself with his knifes when there is no one else to assault; Envy is conceived of a fireplace sweeper and a clam spouse; Gluttony has bacon, meat, claret as his progenitors. At the point when Faustus says that their procession takes care of his spirit, we can understand that he will be accursed. Since, these wrongdoings are considered to put the spirit of anybody showing them in risk of unending condemnation. This scene is significant likewise for the ethical enlightenment of the crowd. The crowd will be educated to despise these wrongdoings. In Act III, Scene I, Faustus pesters the Pope and different ministers by staying undetectable. The scene might be considered as incendiary analysis of religion as it suggests the otherworldly sterility of popes and ministers. .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .postImageUrl , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:hover , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:visited , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:active { border:0!important; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:active , .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-embellishment: underline; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a 67b23730a450aeece .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ue0ccdce5d8bed9a67b23730a450aeece:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Why is this scene emotional? Article SummaryThe occasions that happen in Act IV, Scenes I II with Ralph, Robin and Mephistophilis are additionally diverting. Robin is leaning toward enchantment based on what he has gained from Faustuss book. He summons Mephistophilis so as to show the owner a thing or two. In any case, Mephistophilis, being disturbed changes Robin and Ralph into a primate and a pooch individually. Faustus in Act IV, Scene III, causes a couple of horns to develop on the top of a knight who has been impolite towards him. It has a pinch of parody however it additionally shows that Faustus, who could become Emperor of Emperors, has now transformed into a minor cheat. The scene (Act IV, Scene IV) of Faustuss managing a pony courser is the last humorous scene. The way of talking the pony courser gives chuckling. Be that as it may, shows to the outrageous purpose of the degeneration of Dr. Faustus. The man who can have billions of dollars by his necromantic force presently misdirects a pony courser just for forty dollars. An incredible researcher has transformed into a cheat. The comic scenes, nonetheless, demonstrate a few imperfections in the play. The bounty, as indicated by a pundit, of the comic scenes here debilitates the sensational quality. Many time the comic scenes are not sufficient. In the badgering of the Pope, parody deteriorates into joke. The handy jokes played on the pony courser is sheer-clownage and disgraceful of a grave and incredible play, for example, Doctor Faustus. Regardless of every one of these realities, in any case, these comic scenes are huge. It might be said that the different comic scenes serve to fill the stretch between Faustuss achievement of mystical force and the condemnation, which surpasses him after the hole of twenty-four years.

Computers In Soceity Essays - Computer, Humancomputer Interaction

Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie Free Essays

The two-crease message of Babel, a film by Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu, is human feebleness and interconnectedness of lives. Most people will in general feel that their activities are immaterial, and frequently take individuals like family †alongside other beneficial things transpiring †for conceded. At all normal ways, people’s lives are interwoven. We will compose a custom article test on Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Typically, however, as a culture imparts itself to other people, hindrances emerge, hindering a genuine association. The film moreover portrays that there are times when individuals act unreasonably, which might be a piece of human instinct, and there will consistently be a point in time when individuals will encounter Murphy’s Law, generally comprehended as 'Whatever can turn out badly will turn out badly, and best case scenario conceivable time, in the most exceedingly awful conceivable way. ’ In such occurrences, individuals might be overloaded by mishaps or disaster, yet in those examples, there are the individuals who stick to one another for help. Despite the injury, people comprised of sterner stuff adapt to the situation. The vast majority, at long last, likewise own up to their slip-ups and accept obligation regarding their activities just as for their nearest of family or partnerships. Individuals are not faultless, and may some of the time have little authority over conditions unfurling in their lives. Similarly as the Biblical significance of the film’s title means (the Tower of Babel is alluded to as a self important structure worked by Noah’s relatives for their own wonder, however divine intercession jumbled up their tongue and they neglected to comprehend one another’s discourse, and wound up dispersed across lands), Babel, the film, highlights four interlocking stories where the characters experience some informative hindrance alongside a feeling of estrangement from the remainder of mankind, and are pushed to the edge. Each obstruction that the characters experience, nonetheless, is introduced as a chance to enhance the human condition. Accordingly, Babel exhibits how the human soul can beat basic difficulties or extraordinary obstacles. Expectation as an all inclusive thing is plainly communicated. Then again, confusion as a consistent component on the planet is likewise featured. The nearness of a weapon all through the movie’s primary plot and subplots shows how a shot can make a far reaching influence, trigger untold agony, and change the lives of its casualties until the end of time. It shows up progressively like an imagery of how firearms can be abused. As each of the movie’s focal characters set out on an excursion of scars †in a remote setting in Morocco with its brushing lands and forsaken tracts, and in another piece of the world, Tokyo, with its dazzling yet desolate megalopolis †they see their lives disentangling, yet are unconscious of the ongoing idea going through them. Basically, human slightness and bafflement are exemplified by Babel’s focal characters †a couple going in Morocco so as to genuinely reconnect; a Mexican babysitter who brings their kids over the US-Mexican outskirt without the parents’ authorization to go to her son’s wedding; a herder and his two little youngsters; and a high school hard of hearing quiet frantically looking for consideration from her dad and companions in Tokyo. As destiny would have it, a rifle winds up in the ownership of a neighborhood herder who representatives to his young children the errand of guarding the family’s group from jackals. While energetically testing the rifle’s limit, the more youthful child of the herder unintentionally shoots the woman visitor, truly harming her. The following occasions discover the voyaging couple’s caretaker confronting capture and expulsion for her unapproved activity; and the young hard of hearing quiet bearing a terrible reality as social pariah. All these tormented spirits endeavor to relieve the agony and confinement they experience as they grapple with mishaps and changes. The equal emergencies occur all the while, and as the families manage their individual obstacles, they follow through on a significant expense †with their spirit, respect, opportunity and life. Generally speaking, it is a decent film that astutely delineates the human condition and how individuals will put forth an admirable attempt to endure or discover subtle joy or significance in a flawed existence where activities have sway on others. Reference Inarritu, A. G. (Maker/Director). (2006). Babel. US: Paramount Pictures Corporation. Instructions to refer to Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie, Papers

African American Social Standings Essay Example for Free

African American Social Standings Essay The movement of African Americans in America started with a training called subjugation. Servitude is the condition of an individual who is the property of another. It started in 1441 when Portuguese men abducted 12 dark Africans from Cabo Blanco and moved them to Portugal. This made the way for subjugation in the Americas. A British legislator expressed that Slavery is a weed that develops on each dirt. The main African Americans slaves in America were brought to Jamestown, Virginia as hirelings and additionally slaves in August 1619. With the end goal for subjection to work Africans needed to made to appear to be second rate, one of the principle a most basic approaches to show this was through strict bigotry ( Aretha, David pg. 21 ) The act of subjection was then sent toward the south were they were put on estates. Estates comprised of a huge manor like home encompassed by a huge homestead where slaves planted and collected harvests and performed different employments which they werent paid for. While on the manor the slaves called the proprietor Master or Mistress, they gave the slaves food lodging and attire. ( David Brion Davis, World Book online Slavery) While on these manors a significant number of the slaves confronted extreme ramification for rebellion. They got ramifications for not trying sincerely or sufficiently quick, they would likewise be utilized for instance so as to control the others. Their unforgiving discipline would incorporate marking, whipping, mutilation, affixing and now and again the harshest discipline of all wanton homicide. Servitude was one of the most noticeably awful periods in American history. During this time of servitude there were hardly any rebellions yet numerous wanderers. While subjugation kept on spreading and get progressively ruthless in the South, the North couldn't help contradicting free work. Their distinction energized the abolitionist development. The Abolitionist Movement was the main development that lead to the African Americans political and physical opportunities from subjection. Abolitionist action started in frontier days. During the 1680s, Quakers in Pennsylvania denounced subjugation on moral grounds. In the late 1700s, a few heads of the American progressive development, including Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry, stood up against subjection. (David Herbert Donald, World Book Online? Abolitionist Movement). During the beginning of the development there were basically no open paper that advanced the abolishment of bondage. William Lloyd Garrison, an American writer and abolitionist who got well known in the 1830 for decrying subjection, distributed the primary issue of his abolitionist paper The Liberator January first 1831, which was around then the main Abolitionist paper. The explanation William Garrison distributed the paper was on the grounds that he was burnt out on different techniques that numerous abolitionists had attempted. Army said bondage ought to be finished right away. Another leader during the Abolitionist Movement was Sojourner Truth. She was an ex-slave and furthermore one of the fundamental figures in the battle for womens rights and equity. On January 1, 1863, the Abolitionist objectives were arrived at when President Abraham Lincoln the sixteenth president gave his Emancipation Proclamation. It read that all people held as slaves in insubordinate states are and henceforward will be free (McPherson, James M. World Book Online? Liberation Proclamation. ) . Around a similar time Congress passed the 25th Amendment into Constitution which in this way abrogated subjugation. Months after the fact it was confirmed. Following the Emancipation Proclamation, The North (association) and the South (confederate) started a common war which kept going from 1861 to 1865. The war finished with huge numbers of the significant urban communities in the South in remnants and the vast majority of the Northern urban communities left immaculate. The Reconstruction time frame in the U. S followed the Unions triumph over the Confederate Army in the common war . The period was utilized to remake the south and fix up the connection between the North and South. Alongside reconstructing and fixing up connections, the North sent instructors toward the south to taught the African American ex slaves who had turned out to be recently individuals from the general public. The educators instructed ex slaves perusing, composing a math. The Reconstruction Act required another Constitution to be built up in each state. It likewise gave Freedmen the option to take an interest in casting a ballot. The fourteenth Amendment was additionally passed and approved during the Reconstruction time frame. The fourteenth Amendment conceded full citizenship to all individuals conceived or naturalized In the United States of America . A significant number of the laws went during this period were set up to secure the privileges of previous slaves, for example, permitting blacks to cast a ballot a giving them a large number of indistinguishable rights from whites and ensuring things dear to them, for example, property and cash. During this period numerous progressions in the public eye were made by African Americans, for example, the Self-Leveling Table made by Charles William Allen , the corn grower check rower by Ralph W. Alexander and the sparkle plug by Edmond Berger these are just three of the in excess of 200 developments/headways made by African Americans during the recreation time frame. These African Americans, lead callings in any event, when high confinements were set upon them. (Aretha, David pg. 61) Advancements like these opened the entryway and let individuals realize that African Americans were not uncouth but rather could really have any kind of effect on the planet. Despite the fact that laws were set up numerous southern whites despite everything would not like to think an ex-slaves as anything near equivalents. This lead to much brutality and passing of the two whites and previous slaves. In time, southern whites recaptured control of their state governments and removed a large number of the rights that blacks had won during remaking. ( Stephen V. Debris, Work book on the web? Reproduction). After the Reconstruction time frame finished and the North fighters returned back home, which left ex slaves with no type of insurance lead to extraordinary reaction against the African American people group by whites. Following the Reconstruction time frame Jim Crow laws became effective. Jim Crow laws came about because of the help southern whites and their push to keep up isolation of blacks. These sort of laws tormented the United States during the nineteenth century. The principal kind of Jim Crow law was set up in Tennessee which required the partition of African-American and white riders on the railroad. This training was before long received by other southern states. The spread of isolation laws through the South was bolstered by a numerous Supreme Court choices. ( Joe R. Freagin, World Book on the web? Isolation) The Separate yet Equal Doctrine emerged during the period wherein Jim Crow laws were on an ascent. The Separate yet Equal Doctrine expressed that African Americans were equivalent to whites yet ought to be kept separate from whites. The different yet equivalent principle was absolutely wrong. For instance Blacks and whites were isolated in schools yet the white schools had transporting a the best books and instructors then again the dark schools had run down study halls and unsatisfactory books. Blacks and whites were likewise isolated in diners, the White eateries had the best areas and best lodging on the opposite the dark cafés were little and unobtrusive. The vast majority of these Jim Crow laws were announced invalid by a few Supreme Court choices during the 1950s and 1960s and by the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1968. ( Alton Hornsby, World Book Online? Jim crow) During the 1950s the Civil Rights Movement took off alongside integration. The Civil Rights Movement was only that a development towards social liberties which were expressed to be The opportunities and rights that an individual may have as an individual from a network, state, or country. (Bruce Allen Murphy, World Book Online? Social liberties) The main significant occasion of the social liberties development was the 1954 Supreme Court choice Brown versus Leading group of Education, which integrated state funded schools the country over. Schools in the south were extremely delayed in changing their ways and brutality normally ejected when dark understudies attempted to enroll. At that point, in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, a sewer named Rosa Parks wouldn't surrender her seat on a Montgomery transport. After she was captured for overstepping the law, the Montgomery Bus Boycott started, For 382 days, from Dec. 5, 1955, to Dec. 20, 1956 blacks would not ride Busses and carpooled to goals. It finished Dec 20, 1956 with the Supreme-Court-requesting integration of Montgomery transports. The blacklist carried notoriety to a reverend named Dr. Martin Luther King. During the Civil Rights Movement the best method to complete things many accepted was through peacefulness. Peacefulness was a method of going about as well as a perspective and teaching which Martin Luther King Jr. took from Mahatma Gandhi he expressed that with peacefulness you can move mountains. A few strategies they used to express what is on their mind were protests, blacklists, walks and open discourses. Albeit numerous dissident trusted in peacefulness there was another side to the Civil Rights Movement and that was the Black Power Movement. The Black Power Movement was a more extreme development than the Non Violent Movement. Leaders like Malcolm X and other persuasive faces, for example, Huey P. Newton and Bud Siegel who together shaped the Black Panthers all accepted that the white man was the issue and that so as to win equivalent rights that African Americans expected to light battling fire with discharge and slugs with projectiles rather than the more inactive methods of Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. ( Aretha, Chronicles pr. 261) taking everything into account I accept that the law has furnished African Americans with equivalent rights as whites yet I accept that they may in any case show up not to be equivalent. In the 21st century I accept and realize that there are numerous laws that appear to make African Americans and white equivalents however there is still a lot of segregation on the planet. I additionally accept that the bigotry isn't as awful yet at the same time exist, it only isnt as bla

Statistical concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Measurable ideas - Essay Example Relapse has differing applications in my expert life and a comprehension of elements to collaboration is one of the degrees in which it very well may be applied. This is a direct result of the aptitudes capacity to create models of connections among factors (Ott and Longnecker, 2010). I have additionally enhanced my enlightening insights abilities, aptitudes that identify with recognizable proof of principle highlights of an informational index. Significant upgrades are utilization of factual programming to encourage calculation of the measurements, and contrasts between the insights and their comparing parameters. Distinct measurements aptitudes, for example, capacity to process and decipher mode and standard deviation is pertinent to understanding patterns of events in my day by day life exercises, for example, time spent on traffic, and time and cash spent on recreation over some stretch of time. The expertise is then appropriate in planning for effective utility and protection of assets in my own life. Like relapse investigation abilities, expressive measurements aptitudes are material in issue arrangement towards finishing assessments that assessment the aptitudes, either legitimately or in a roundabout way. The abilities are likewise pertinent in understanding information in proficient degrees towards compelling administrative choices. I have likewise evolved fitness in aptitudes identified with trial of theory, an idea that assesses legitimacy of events. Despite the fact that they have restricted application in my own life since exactness isn't a need, the abilities are significant in guaranteeing precise choices in proficient choices, for example, viability of preparing on representatives, and aides in breezing through assessments that assessment related ideas (Ott and Longnecker, 2010). Likelihood and testing are ideas whose abilities I... Measurable ideas This paper disks a portion of the ideas and their potential jobs in my own life, my scholastics, and my expert life. The course has been instrumental as far as anyone is concerned of scientific aptitudes through acquainting me with new ideas and helping me to audit already learnt ideas. A portion of the aptitudes that I have gained or enhanced during the course are abilities on relapse investigation, elucidating measurements, and trial of theory. Relapse investigation is a scientific expertise for evaluating connections among factors and learning hugeness of the connections. It creates models of best fit for connections by assessing coefficients of free factors. With a set up model, a needy variable can be assessed, given estimations of its related free factors are known. The scientific strategy helps in getting connections and in anticipating. In my own life, relapse investigation is key to understanding classifications of my consumptions and their individual weight on my complete u se. Investigated on from intermittent consumptions, the aptitude can assist me with understanding use classes that are noteworthy to my absolute uses and the level of criticalness of every classification. This would then be able to assist me with reviewing my inclinations and adjust my uses to ponder my inclinations and necessities. The abilities are appropriate to dynamic procedures in my own and expert lives, and help my scholastic capability.

How to Teach Expository Essay Writing For Middle School Students

How to Teach Expository Essay Writing For Middle School StudentsIf you want to learn to write an expository essay in a middle school class, here are some sample essay topics that you can choose from. This is one of the most important and difficult subjects to teach students because it requires the writing skills and vocabulary that middle school students can use.The subjects to use in middle school are arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. Other subjects include English composition, geometry, psychology, and computer science. For best results when teaching this subject, the class should be divided into two or more sections.It would also be helpful if you visit the school or the local library for reference material. There are many books on the subject and there are many websites that offer free expository essay samples for middle school students. These resources include essays by famous authors, teaching guides, and theses from high school courses.When choosing a writing sa mple, choose something that is interesting, engaging, and original. Keep in mind that your student's essay should not be about yourself; it should be more of a learning experience for your students.You can provide an expository writing sample that uses the following words and concepts: Evidence, example, scenario, argument, argumentative essay, passive voice, and symbolism. For each word and concept, write a short paragraph. Do not forget to indicate where the examples come from, what the example is, and what the difference between the two is. Also include examples from your own writing if you can.Finally, give your middle school students two sample paragraphs. Tell them to draw an outline to include the information in the body of the essay. You can draw this out in a notebook or on a blank sheet of paper. You can then edit the outline and revise the chapter as necessary.As soon as you finish teaching the expository essay, you can provide the students with a summary of the lesson. Y ou can follow this by providing them with a link to the online middle school curriculum that they should review.Expository essay writing is a skill that most students need in order to succeed in school. By teaching the subject well, you will be setting the students up for success.

Critical Essay on Shakespeares Character of Timon of Athens

Character of Timon of Athens Timon of Athens is considered to be one of the most obscure and complicated pieces ever created by Shakespeare. The play has a very extraordinary composition and some of the researchers are sure it was not completed. Moreover, supposedly, it has some additions, made by other authors. The protagonist of the play is Timon – a wealthy and generous lord of Athens, respected by its citizens, who by the end of the play gets disappointed in his friends and becomes a misanthrope. The world that looked so light and friendly to him, all over sudden turns out to be dark and hostile. Being in anger, Timon kills one his offenders and is thrown out of the city. The character had a historical prototype, named also Timon, who really lived in Athens in the period of Peloponnesus Wars. According to Plutarch, he was not a very rich man and, in the grip of poverty, he appealed for help to his friends, but they refused to assist him and Timon started to hate not only them, but the whole humankind. His hatred was expressed in the epitaph, which was craved on his grave. Long before Shakespeare, the character was used by different authors. The tragedy of Shakespearian Timon is his inability to find a compromise. It is the tragedy of the outstanding personality, whose life and destiny came into a conflict with the moral state of the society in general. If compared to other plays by Shakespeare, Timon of Athens almost has no personal motives. The entire plot of the piece is lying in his relationships with the state and its citizens. In this play Shakespeare stepped aside from the drama of characters and presented the drama of ideas to the reader.